Grinding-machine.



No. 774,030. PATENTED NOV. 1, 1904. L.B.BENTON.

GRINDING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 5. 1900.

N0 MODEL.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

'0 CZ "T 0 "No. 774,030. PATENTED NOV. 1, 1904. L.B.BENTON.

- GRINDING MACHINE.

APPLIOATION FILED MAY 5. 1900.

N0 MODEL ZSHEETS-SHEET 2.

UNITED STATES Patented November 1, 1904.

PATENT OEEicE.

LINN BOYD BENTON, OF NEWV BRIGHTON, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO AMERICAN TYPEFOUNDERS COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

GRINDING-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of LettersPatent No. 774,030, dated November1, 1904:.

Application filed May 5, 1900. Serial No. 15,593. (No model.)

sharpen such tools in the center of rotation,

so that when they are placed in the machines in which they are to beused theywill not wabble, to shape or sharpen different tools or thesame tool at diiferent times exactly alike, so that when a tool isremoved, sharpened, and replaced in the machine in which it is to beused or one tool is replaced by another a constant relation will bepreserved between the cutting edges and working ends of such tools andthe work upon which they are to operate.

It consists in certain novel features in the construction andarrangement of parts of the machine and in the combinations of partshereinafter particularly described, and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings like letters designate the same parts inthe several figures.

Figure 1 is a front or side elevation of a tool-grinding machineembodying my inven tion, certain parts of the machinebeing; broken awayand shown in section. Fig. is a plan view of the machine, a portion or;the tool-holder and other parts of the machine being broken away. Figs.'3, I, and 5 are vertical cross-sections on the lines 3 3, 4 4:, and 55, Fig. 1; and Fig. 6 is an enlarged view of one of the many forms oftools that may be shaped and sharpened on the machine herein shown anddescribed.'

A designates a bed which is supported'on a standard B. v p 7 1 O is agrinding-wheel, which maybe made of emery or of any other suitableabrading material. It is detachably fastened to one end of a rotarymandrel D by means of a tapered stem 0, which is fitted in acorrespondingly-tapered socket in the end of said mandrel, as shown inFig. 2, or it may be fastened thereto in any other suitable manner. Themandrel D is fitted to freely revolve and move endwise in bearings e eon a plate E. These bearings are preferably provided, as shown in Fig.2, with hardenedsteel bushings to avoid wear and play. At the endopposite the grinding-wheel O the mandrel is provided with a handle (Z,swiveled thereon for moving said wheel axially back and forth to andfrom and along its work. Between the bearings .12 c said mandrel isprovided With a pulley d for connecting it by a belt with asuitably-located driving-pulley.

The plate E is mounted upon a slide F and pivotally connected therewithby a pin f, the

head of which is countersunk in the under side of said slide. Thisaffords means'for turning'the plate E horizontally upon the slide and ofchanging the angular adjustment of the mandrel D with relation to thebed A and'to the axis of the tool-holder mounted thereon and hereinafterdescribed.

Gris a round rod fitted to turn in a horizontal bore formed therefor inthe plate E and intersecting the hole therein for the pivotpin f. It isprovided at its outer end Witha handle g'and is formed'at its inner endWith an eccentric which engages a transverse hole in thepivotpin f, asshown" in Fig. l. A

quarter-turn of the rod Gr serves to clamp the plate E to the slide F,and thus lock the mandrel D in any angular position to which it may beadjusted. The slide F is mounted and movable transversely to the bed Aupon' a plate H, which is formed with a dovetailed 1 tongue or wayfitting into'a'corresponding groove or channel in said slide andissecured upon said bed by ascre'w'aii'd nut it.

I is a screw threaded in the plate 'H- parallel with the tongue'or waythereon and having a bearing in the slide F, as shown in' Fig. 4. It isprovided at its front or outer end with a crank-handle 2', by means ofwhich said slide with the grinding-Wheel mounted thereon ismovedbackward and forward transversely to the bed A. The slide F withthe plates Eand H. constitute an adjustable support for thegrinding-wheel similar to the slide-rest of a lathe.

J is a quill for holding the tool or toolblank to be sharpened or shapedin proper position to be operated upon by the grindingwheel C. It isprovided with a chuck or other suitable means for gripping and holding atool or tool-blank axially therein; but as devices of this kind arecommon and well known it is not deemed necessary to illustrate andspecifically describe any particular ,means for securing the tool ortool-blank'in the quill.

K is a block adjustably mounted upon a plate L, which is pivotallyattached at one end to the bed A by abolt Z, as shown in Fig. 1. It isformed on the upper side with a longitudinal \I-shaped groove or recess,as shown in Figs. 3 and 5, and in this groove or recess the quill J iscentered and clamped byascrew k, threaded vertically in a bracket is,attached to one side of said block and overhanging the groove therein.The quill J is formed or provided at or near the end opposite that fromwhich the tool or tool-blank protrudes with an index-plate or flange 1',having a circular series of regularly-spaced holes with which a stop-piny", carried parallel with the spindle of the quill by an arm or bracketon the block K, is adapted to engage, as shown in Figs. 1 and 5, therebydetermining the angular adjustment of the quill on its axis in the blockK and holding it in its different angular positions for shaping orsharpening the several faces and edges of a tool exactly alike. Theblock K is provided at the end next to the rotary grinder (J with a stopwhich determines the longitudinal position or adjustment of the quilland tool or tool-blank in the machine, and it is adjustably held betweenupwardly-projecting flanges on the sides of the swinging plate L byscrews Z, threaded in one of said flanges and clamping said blockagainst a metal stop Z interposed between it and the other flange. It isrigidly fastened in adjusted position to the plate L by screws Z Zpassing through transversely slotted or enlarged holes in the block Kand threaded in the plate L, as shown most clearly in Fig. 5. By meansof the fastenings above mentioned the axis of the quill J may beadjusted laterally or transversely to the bed A for grinding tools ortool-blanks of different sizes and shapes, stops -Z of differentthicknesses being provided for this purpose.

A stop a, attached to the back side of the bed A and projecting aboveit, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, into position to engage with the backedge of the swinging plate L, arrests and holds said plate with theblock K and quill J parallel with the bed A, as shown by full lines inFig. 2. A stop a, attached to the front side of the bed A, as shown inFigs. 1, 2, and

3, and adapted to engage with a stop Z, attached to the back edge of theswinging plate L, arrests said plate in a position oblique to the bed A,as indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 2. The stop a is made adjustable,so as to arrest the swinging plate L and the tool-holder which itcarries at any desired angle or at different angles to the bed A.

M is a diamond or other suitable hard substance that will withoutappreciable wear or change in itself out the substance of thegrinding-wheel C. It is so mounted and arranged with relation to saidgrinding-wheel and the tool-holder or work-support that as thegrinding-wheel is worn away it will be exactly cut down to a trueworking face in a predetermined cutting-line, having a certain definiterelation to the quill or tool-holder J. The several faces and cuttingedges of the same tool or of different tools held in the quill J willtherefore be shaped and sharpened by said grinding-wheel exactly alike,and when such tools are placed in the machine in which they are to beused their cutting edges will always have the same relation to the workon which they are to operate. The diamond or other hard-cuttingsubstance is firmly set in the end of a rod or block N, which isadjustably held in a standard 0, attached to the front side of the bedA, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, and is held by said rod or block N and itssupporting-standard O in the same horizontal plane with the axes of thegrindingwheel 0 and quill J and in the path of the periphery of saidgrinder as the latter is moved back and forth to and from the protrudingend of the tool held in said quill. The rod or block N may be adjustedhorizontally toward the grinding-wheel C by means of a screw P, threadedhorizontally in the standard 0 and bearing at its point against theouter end of said rock or block, which is held from turning in saidstandard by a key or feather, as shown in Fig. 3. When adjusted to thedesired position, the rod or block N carrying the diamond is secured inplace by a set-screw Q, threaded in the standard 0 at right angles tothe adjusting screw P and bearing at its point against one side of saidrod or block.

The machine as hereinbefore described operates as follows: The quill Jin which the tool or tool-blank is held being clamped by the screw Zn inthe block K, with its inner end from which the tool or tool-blankprotrudes snugly against the stop Z0 and the pin j inserted in theproper hole in the flange j to present the face of the tool ortool-blank to be operated upon directly toward the grinding-wheel C, andthe mandrel 1) being adjusted by turning the plate E to the properposition to give the desired angle or slope to the face and cuttingedges of the tool, the slide F is moved forward by means of the screw Itill the face of the grinding-wheel is brought into contact or line withthe diamond M.

The mandrel 1) is then moved lengthwise in its bearings e by means ofthe handle (Z, and the working face of the grinding-wheel C is thuscarried past the diamond to and from the protruding end of the tool. Asit is moved past the diamond to its Work the periphery of thegrindingwheel will be trimmed and trued to bring it to a definitegrinding or Working line, which is determined by the adjustment of thediamond and the angle of the mandrel D to the bed A. Vhen one face ofthe tool has been thus shaped, the screw it is loosened, the pin 9''Withdrawn from the flange j, the spindle of the quill J is turned aninterval, according to the number of faces and cutting edges the tool isto have, and the pin is again engaged with the proper hole in saidflange for presenting another face on the tool or toolblank to thegrinding wheel 0. Another face is then formed on the tool by moving thegrinding-wheel back and forth past the diamond, as above explained, themandrel D being moved slightly forward toward the diamond as the face ofthe grinding-wheel is worn away, so that the same grinding or workingline will be preserved in forming the several faces of the tool insuccession. 1n the same manner different tools are shaped and sharpenedwith faces and cutting edges exactly alike. In case the tool is to beformed, as is usually the case, with curved faces or withstraight andcurved faces each straight face is formed in the manner above explained,while the axis of the quill or tool-holder J is held stationary at aconstant angle to the cutting or working line of the grinding-wheel U bymoving said grinding-wheel back and forth lengthwise of its axis alongthat part of the tool-blank or tool to be shaped or sharpened. A curvedface is formed by swinging the quill or tool-holder J backward andforward with the plate L on the pivot-bolt Z. The curve given to thefaces of the tool is determined by the distance of the cutting orWorking line of the grinding-wheel from the axis of the pivot-bolt Z. Ifa tool having a chiselshaped end and curved edges on the sides next tothe end, as shown in Fig. 6, is to be formed, a stop Z of the requiredthickness to make a chisel end of the desired width is inserted betweenthe block K and the flange on the back of plate L. The thicker the stopZ the wider will be the chisel end. A shim of the required thickness isinserted between the shoulder on the quill J and the stop if, shims ofdifferent thicknesses corresponding with the stops Z being provided fordifferent widths of tools having chisel ends, in order that the ends ofsuch tools shall project the same distance from the shoulder on thequill J.

Tools of different diameters with chisel ends of different widths may beshaped and sharpened in this machine so that their straight faces andedges will have exactly the same angle to their axes, theircurved facesand edges will have the same radius, and their chisel ends will projectexactly the same distance from the quill or tool-holder J without usingshims of different thicknesses between the stops k and the shoulder onsaid quill or without adjusting the quill or tool-holder endwise.

away from the cutting or working line of the grinding-Wheel for tools ofgreater diameters and wider chisel ends. Since the angle formed by theaxis of the quill or tool-holder with the cutting-line of thegrinding-wheel remains constant in adjusting the quill or tool-holder aslast explained, for tools of different diameters it follows that thestraight faces and edges of such tools will all have the same angle totheir axes, and since the distance of the cutting or working line of thegrindingwheel from the axis of the pivot-boltZ also remains constant thecurved faces and edges formed next to the ends of tools of differentdiameters will have the same radius. For cutting off opposite cornersand forming chisel ends on the tools the quill or tool-holder J is movedback toward the cutting or working line of the grinding-wheel into acertain position determined by a stop, such as Z or what would be itsequivalent a stop interposed between the opposite side of the block Kand the flange or an abutment on that side of the plate L. Since thecutting or working line of the grinding-wheel then intersects theaxis orcenter line of the tool nearer the quill or toolholder J than it didbefore, the corners of the tool will be taken off by. the grinding-wheelas the latter is moved back and forth and the quill or tool-holder isswung forward against the stop a, and a chisel end will be formed on thetool, as shown in Fig. 6. By setting the block K laterally on the plateL against the same stop to cut off tools of different di- Thisis'accomplished by adjusting the .quill or tool-holder J at right anglesto its axis ameters ands winging the quill or tool-holderexactly thesame distance from the quill or quills in which said tools are held,because the axes of the tools will all intersect the cutting or workingline of the grinding-wheel at the same point and at the same angle whenthe quill or tool-holder with the plate L is swung forward against thefront stop a.

The several faces of the tool are first formed, as above explained, theshim is then removed, the shoulder on the quill J is set up against thestop, and opposite corners of the tool are ground off, thus producing achisel end, as shown in Fig. 6.

Various changes in the details of construction and arrangement of partsto adapt the machine for the various uses to which my in vention isapplicable may be made in accordance with the principle and within theintended scope of my invention.

I claim- 1. In a grindingmachine, comprising a grinding-wheel movablelengthwise and crosswise ofits axis, a pivoted support, and a workholderadjustable transversely to its axis upon said support toward and fromthe cutting-line of said grinding-wheel; a stationary device arranged inthe path of said grinding-wheel and adapted to preserve a constantrelation between the cutting-line of said grindingwheel and the pivot onwhich the work-holder and its support swing, substantially as described.

2. In a grinding machine comprising a grinding-wheel movable lengthwiseof its axis, and a work-holder; a device past which the grinding-wheelis moved to and from its work, arranged to preserve a constant relationbetween the cutting-line of said grinding-wheel and the work-holder,substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

3. In a grinding-machine comprising a work-holder, and a grinding-wheelmovable lengthwise and crosswise of its axis; a device past which thegrinding-wheel is moved to and from its work, arranged to preserve aconstant relation between the cutting-line of said grinding-wheel andthe work-holder, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

4:. In a grinding machine comprising a work-holder, and a grinding-wheelmovable lengthwise of its axis and capable of angular adjustment withreference to the work-h older; a device past which the grinding-wheel ismoved to and from its work, arranged to preserve a constant relationbetween the cuttingline of said grinding-wheel and the workholder,substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

5. In a grinding -machine comprising a work-holder capable of beingturned upon its axis, means for holding it in the different positionsinto which it is turned, and a grinding-wheel movable lengthwise andcrosswise of its axis; a device arranged in the path of thegrinding-wheel as it is moved to and from its work and adapted topreserve a constant relation between the cutting-line of saidgrinding-wheel and the work-holder, substantially as and for thepurposes set forth.

6. In a grinding machine comprising a work-holder capable of swingingtransversely to its axis, and a grinding wheel movable lengthwise andcrosswise of its axis; a device arranged in the path of said.grinding-wheel as it is moved to and from its work and adapted topreserve a constant relation between the cutting-line of saidgrinding-wheel and the work-holder. substantially as and for thepurposes set forth.

7. In a grinding 7 machine comprising a work-holder capable of angularadjustment on its axis and of swinging transversely thereto, means forlocking said work-holder in different angular positions about its axis,and a grinding-wheel movable lengthwise of and transversely to its axis;a device arranged in the path of said grinder as itis moved to and fromits work and adapted to preserve a constant relation between thecutting-line of said grinding-wheel and the work-holder, substantiallyas and for the purposes set forth.

8. In a grinding machine comprising a work-holder capable of angularadjustment on its axis, and of swinging transversely thereto, stops forlimiting its swinging movement, means for looking it in diflerentangular positions about its axis, and a grinding-wheel movablelengthwise of and transversely to its axis, and capable of angularadjustment with reference to the axis of the work-holder; a devicearranged to face the grinding-wheel to a determinate line of work whensaid wheel is moved transversely .to its axis toward said device andadvanced lengthwise of its axis toward the work-holder, substantially asand for the purposes set forth.

9. In a grindingmachine comprising a work-holder, and a grinding-wheelmovable lengthwise of and transversely to its axis; a device adjustabletransversely to the path of the grinding-wheel to and from its work andarranged to preserve a constant relation between the cutting-line ofsaid grinding-wheel and the work-holder, substantially as and for thepurposes set forth.

10. In a grinding-machine comprising a tool-holding quill, asupporting-block having a longitudinal V-shaped groove and provided witha clamping-screw for holding said quill centrally in said block, and agrinding-wheel movable lengthwise of and transversely to its axis; adevice arranged to bring the face of said grinding-wheel to apredetermined line of work when it is moved toward said device andadvancedv toward said quill, substantially as and for the purposes setforth.

11. In a grinding-machine comprising a suitable bed, a swinging platepivoted thereto, a tool-holding quill, a supporting-block mounted andtransversely adjustable upon said plate and having a longitudinalV-shaped groove and a screw for clamping said quill in said groove, anda grinding-wheel movable transversely to and lengthwise of its axis; adevice arranged to bring the face of said wheel to a predeterminedworking-line when it is moved transversely to its axis toward saiddevice and advanced lengthwise of its axis toward said quill,substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

12. 'In a grinding-machine comprising a tool-holding quill having acircular series of regularly-spaced holes, a supporting-block having alongitudinal V-shaped groove and a radially disposed screw overhangingsaid groove for clamping said quill therein, and

IIO

provided with a locking pin or detent adapted to engage with the holesin said sleeve and to determine the angular position of the quill insaid block, a swinging plate to which said grooved block is adjustablyattached, and a grinding-Wheel movable transversely to and lengthwise ofits axis; a device arranged to bring the face of said Wheel as it isworn to a predetermined line of work, substantially as and for thepurposes set forth.

13. In a grinding-machine comprising a suitable bed of a tool holderdetachably mounted thereon, and a grinding-Wheel mounted upon said bedand movable lengthwise of its axis toward and from said tool-holder; a

device mounted on said bed in the path of said Wheel to and from itswork, and means of adjusting said Wheel transversely to its axis,whereby as said Wheel is worn away said device will bring its face downto a predetermined line of work and the several-faces and edges of thesame tool or of different tools will be shaped exactly alike,substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

In Witness whereof I hereto aflix my signature in presence of tWoWitnesses.

LINN BOYD BENTON.

Witnesses:

M. F. BENTON, WVM. MORE.

